Another being the English sympathy to the protestant rebels on the Netherlands. The English navy attempted some minor raids but they were largely ineffective as only 2 Spanish ships were lost, and these were by accident. Elizabeth and Philipthese two powerful peoplewould begin their relationship peacefully, even warmly, but they would become enemies, facing off in a battle of empires and faiths that would . The fear of a Catholic uprising and a plot against Elizabeth was a constant threat to her. "The little Queen of Scots is the most perfect child that I have ever seen," King Henry II of France proclaimed soon after meeting his new charge (Mary of Guise had stayed in Scotland to rule . Surviving colonists abandon Virginia and return to England. Elizabeth was eager to nullify the threat of the Auld Alliance (Scotland and France), which had been further reinforced by the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots and French King Francis II. On the show, Francis has a tumultuous relationship with his wife, Mary, and their inability to conceive a child is a major source of conflict between them. - The threat increased by the fact that Spain and France were catholic, but Elizabeth had chosen to move her country towards Protestantism. Between the period between 1577 and 1580, Drake sailed around the world and carried out a number of raids on Spanish settlements and ships. Mary, Queen of Scots cousin (the French Duke of Guise) intended to invade England, free Mary, overthrow Elizabeth and restore Catholicism. The most important reason however was a combination of Marys arrival and the Popes interference. Drake himself described the raid as Singeing the King of Spains beard. Many of the rebel troops deserted while the two Earls fled to Scotland. The problems arose as she ruled an isolated protestant kingdom surrounded by catholic superpowers. The death of Spains leading admiral, Santa Cruz, in February 1588, led to the appointment of the inexperienced Duke of Medina Sidonia to lead the Spanish Armada. 214 High Street, West Yorkshire, Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. King Philip of Spain sent an. They were also fearful that France would rekindle their loyalty to Scotland and threaten England from the north and south together. Babington and other known plotters were hanged, drawn and quartered. how significant was the catholic threat to elizabeth 1, posed by her The most formidable female leaders in history - Stars Insider She changed the church back to Anglican and it has been the official . English ships were went on many voyages of discovery and established valuable trade routes with India and the far east. The defeat of the Northern Earls showed there was little appetite for a Catholic revolution. Why was France a threat? James also pledged to help Elizabeth if invaded. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Another extremely important problem Elizabeth faced were the threats from the Auld Alliance of France and Scotland, two Catholic countries that England was sandwiched between. The execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, finally removed the on-going threat at home from Catholics who wanted to replace Elizabeth with her. Copy. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. 214 High Street, Elizabeth had also reduced the power of the northern nobles and increased her own control over the north through the Council of the North, which helped govern the area. Roberto di Ridolfi was an Italian banker who played a small role in the Revolt of the Northern Earls. Elizabeth was in debt, she was unmarried and therefore had no alliances to help her counter the Auld Alliance (which would have been a concern even if Mary Queen of Scots and Prince Francis were not married and even if Mary had no claim to the throne). There were several factors that influenced Queen Elizabeths decision to sign the Treaty of Nonsuch including: Elizabeth believed in Divine Right and due to this, she didnt want to remove King Phillip as the ruler of Netherlands. As such, the Catholic community cited both religious and legal reasons why Elizabeth had no right to be Queen, which made her accession extremely problematic. The English had drastically improved their shipbuilding techniques which gave them several technological advantages. The victory over the Spanish boosted Elizabeths popularity and strengthened the Protestant cause as it was a sign that God favoured Protestantism. How much is the average salary for an overseas dentist? Company Reg no: 04489574. Elizabeth therefore committed actions that helped undermine the Spanish whilst ensuring England did not become fully embroiled in the conflict. In 1580, she received treasure from Sir Francis Drake from his exploits which was worth more than all the rest of her income for that year put together. The traditional bonds between England and Spain were deteriorating and England needed the support of France for protection from Spain. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 4th explanation - Most significant problem she faced as if she didn't have money she couldn't defend England against invasions. This meant two of the most powerful European nations were now united against Protestantism, placing Elizabeth in a precarious position. By the 1580s, the relationship between England and Spain was at its lowest point and the tension was at boiling point. Who was Queen Elizabeth enemies? - idswater.com This issue of divorce creates problems for Catholics. Freshwater supplies were lost and many tons of food rotted as the fleet eventually sailed to England in 1588. As the war ended, Philip II of Spain wanted to stay on good . Cecil was a master of Renaissance statecraft, whose talents as a diplomat, politician, and administrator won him high office and . Write a paragraph or two. Elizabeth's Accession and Her Legitimacy (GCSE Example Answer - Tutor2u [Relative comparison made to inform the judgement here shows instantly criteria are being established, helping to signpost the rest of the answer.]. However, the Dutch had always governed themselves. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 1st explanation. Another extremely important problem Elizabeth faced were the threats from the Auld Alliance of France and Scotland, two Catholic countries that England was sandwiched between. While a baby is born at various points throughout the show, Francis is not its father. Overview of Elizabeth I / Boston House, The plan was then for the combined forces would then sail across the Channel to England under the protection of the Armadas warships. Thereafter, up to 11,000 English Catholics were either arrested or placed under surveillance. As Catholics do not believe in divorce it means that the marriage between Henry and Catherine was never dissolved, and therefore, the marriage with Anne never happened, and as a result of this Elizabeth was an illegitimate child and had no right to the throne of England. As the closest person to God in the eyes of the Catholics, obeying the Pope was of paramount importance and this meant Elizabeth had to be suspicious of other Catholic threats at home. She replaced her Catholic half-sister Mary, who died childless. In 1570, Pope Pius V excommunicated Elizabeth, encouraging Catholics everywhere to rise up and depose the heretic queen. Religion was the most serious problem facing Elizabeth in 1558? How far There are many reasons for this, including interference in English affairs from the Pope, Elizabeths role in the Dutch revolt (which angered Catholic Spain), Mary Queen of Scots arrival in England in 1568 and the rebellion in 1569 that was led by the Catholic Earls Northumberland and Westmoreland. to answer the Section Focus Question: Roberto Ridolfi was a spy of the Pope. Before the rebel army was able to reach Tutbury, a large royal army forced them to retreat. Become a Member |
However, there were other challenges facing Elizabeth. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Robert Dudley was the Earl of Leicester and during the time of the conflict involving the Netherlands, he was appointed to lead the military expedition to the Netherlands.
Most of the fleet was then destroyed by storms. Mary was spared. No Payment details required and completelyRisk Free. Design engineering imperial 2023 applicants, Border Force Officer - Core and Mobile teams recruitment campaign September 2022. - Leith blockade. In 1595 Elizabeth had to deal with a rebellion in Ireland led by Tyrone and O'Donnell. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. However this union was appalling because he was Catholic was married to the previous queen, and a foreigner. - Quite a significant political threat as both France and Spain had the power to invade England. Here then, military alliances, English weaknesses, questions of legitimacy and the influence of religion all meant Elizabeth was very vulnerable upon her accession. Protestants (notably John Knox) initially claimed female rule was unnatural or monstrous, while Roman Catholics judged . 2022 Youth Conference - post conference 4 month challenge! - Most significant problem she faced as if she didn't have money she couldn't defend England against invasions. Elizabeth I and Spain - History Learning Site Moreover, when Henry executed Anne Boleyn in 1536, Henry VIII himself declared Elizabeth illegitimate (although this situation was later reversed). The use of fireships by the British exposed this weakness. Francis Drake led an attack at Cadiz on the Spanish fleet, who were preparing for an invasion of the English. Most people in . This partly explained why harsher treatment of Catholics occurred soon after, led by the Council of the North. He even came to England to meet Elizabeth and she even announced before some of her courtiers that she would marry him. . This was signed by the English nobility and gentry and required the signatories to execute anyone who attempted to overthrow the Queen. The Student Room and The Uni Guide are trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. Register Number: 04666380 (England and Wales), VAT No. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. Boston House, They believed privy council members such as William Cecil had become too powerful and instead wanted to remove those they deemed evil and replace them with councillors more sympathetic to their causes. The first question to ask yourself when revising for GCSE psychology is which exam board am I studying? Elizabeth I and France - History Learning Site The fact that the Pope never approved Henry VIIIs divorce from Catherine of Aragon in 1533 (and England had to break from Rome in order to achieve this) combined with the fact that Catherine was still alive when Elizabeth was born. The plan was supported by various Catholic nobles, including the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland as this would mean Elizabeth (a Protestant) could be succeeded by a Catholic queen. [Blog], Medicine Community Feedback and Suggestions, 2023 entry A100 / A101 Medicine fastest and slowest offer senders, Borders & Enforcement, Immigration Enforcement - Immigration Officer June 22, Official University of the Arts London 2023 Applicants Thread.