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Adult offenders have trials; juvenile offenders have? A. Criminologists Richard Hawkins and Geoffrey Alpert observe that the work of correctional officers is characterized by both ________. To deal with the growing prison population England used floating prion ships called hulks. In the case of In re Gault, Gerald Gault was charged with? [11] For many inmates, the greater ability to achieve viral suppression in prison is likely influenced by access to HIV care and mental health services, a structured daily routine, and decreased use of alcohol and illicit drugs. The country of_______was known for burning people alive. The process by which a court arrives at a final decision in a case is called? World Prison Brief, Institute for Criminal Policy Research. Option B is correct. Therefore, the functions are exponential. The use of___________in corrections and public policy is now considered the gold standard for policy and program development. They have considerable discretion in discharging their duties within the constraints of rules, regulations, and policies. Officers who control the keys and weapons and sometimes oversee visitation are called ___________. [31,34,35,36,37] One HIV testing project that included more than 33,000 inmates in four states (Florida, New York, Wisconsin, and Louisiana) identified 269 (0.8%) previously undiagnosed HIV infections, and 40% of them were among inmates whose only reported risk was heterosexual contact; this study underscores why HIV testing based only on reported risk factors will fail to identify a significant proportion of incarcerated persons with HIV. All of these infection control strategies would also provide an opportunity to address prevention of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is important given that as many as 41% of inmates have chronic HCV. Source: Carson EA. At least_________ percent of the inmates who enter prisons eventually return to the community. Unions usually put the goals of the institution above the needs of individual officers. the right to vote, the right to hold public office, the right to serve on a grand or petit jury, or the right to get married. The buyer has always had more power than the seller. The officers can help provide guidance, support, and program opportunities to persons in the community correctional system while helping them remain accountable to their imposed conditions as they transition back into the community. Which of the following statements is true about the Pennsylvania system of confinement? True or False? After the American Revolution, England sent its prisoners to Scotland. A person appointed by the juvenile court to serve as a special guardian for the youth being processed through thejuvenile justice system is called a? ______________ of isolation and silence became popular in Europe. a) They have considerable discretion in discharing their duties within the constraints of rules, regulations, and policies. Correctional Institutions. [29,30] Jails, prisons, and community corrections are important settings in which to test individuals for HIV, especially given that many persons involved with the criminal justice system may be hard to reach with routine community-based testing and incarcerated populations have a higher HIV prevalence than the general population. Officers can never catch all criminals. that good educational programs reduce recidivism. [7] The relatively high HIV seropositivity rates among incarcerated women has been associated with higher rates of specific HIV risk factors, including past sexual abuse, exchange of sex for drugs or money, multiple sex partners, low rates of condom use, and injection drug use. Some correctional systems have arranged partnerships to allow processing of Social Security Administration (SSA) and Medicare applications before release, as recommended by the SSA and the Centers for Medicare and Medical Services. Correctional officers dispense both formal and informal sanctions to induce cooperation among inmates. Assume as in parts (a), (b), and ( c) that two shots will be awarded. Which of the following is a supervision strategy that uses electronic technology to track offenders who have been sentenced to house arrest, or who have been ordered to limit their movements while completing a sentence involving probation or parole? A police force with integrity is one with little or no misconduct or corruption. The typical offender has been convicted of? The process of changing criminal lifestyles into law-abiding ones by "correcting" the behavior of offenders through treatment, education or training is called? By law, antiretroviral therapy must be available to all inmates who have HIV. The workforce at most prisons is not organized into unions. Which of the following is NOT one of them? Until the middle of the twentieth century, courts followed a(n) ________ philosophy toward prison matters. [20] The immediate clinical management issues that should be addressed include HIV prevention counseling, referral for mental health treatment if needed, initial evaluation and staging of HIV, and referral for HIV treatment (Table 1). Option A is correct. It is easy to state that one should not engage in sexual encounters, but it is harder to discuss and identify feelings that develop in correctional settings, such as transference and counter-transference feelings in a therapeutic relationship. What Latin term is defined as a court order requiring that a confined person be brought to court so that his or her claims can be heard? This is called__________. In which of the following years did the first female correctional officer begin work at a high-security institution? Added 11/4/2021 7:21:03 PM. The Wickersham Commission was appointed by President__________________. Jails confine persons before or after . [7] Unfortunately, large declines in the HIV care cascade are seen after release from incarceration, often to levels even lower than before incarceration. They are judged frivolous and are lost in the trial stage. Which of the following statements is true about correctional officers [38] The CDC has released a comprehensive document to guide the implementation of opt-out HIV testing in the correctional setting. Which of the following statements is true? - Weegy Most, though not all, death row inmates spend_______hours a day in their cell. [9,22,23] A large meta-analysis estimated the incidence of transmission of viral infections within prisons and found rates of 0.08 per 100 person-years with HIV. For his crimes, Fay received a sentence of? Which of the following statements is true about correctional officers? What is defined as the process by which an inmate becomes socialized into the customs and principles of the inmate society? These include untreated mental illness, medication side effects, lack of trust in the medical provider or in the benefit of taking antiretroviral medications, and social isolation. [76] Inadequate data exist regarding HIV prevalence in community corrections and HIV testing rates are low in this setting. Which of the following statements is true? [11] As a result of improvements in antiretroviral therapies over time, the number of AIDS-related deaths in corrections has plummeted since the mid-1990s, similar to the trend in the general population; in recent years, fewer than 75 AIDS-related deaths per year have occurred in prisons (Figure 16). From the graph it has been observed that the functions grow exponentially. The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution are known as the ? They are meant to help you stay on track throughout each lesson and check your understanding of key concepts. Answer: Corrections officers are primarily concerned with custody and control. The tension between prison staff members and inmates that arises out of the correctional setting is called____________. They always seek the easy path and they plot to win the cushiest jobs. Sex Transm Dis. In 1972, the case of__________ruled that the application of the death penalty, as it was then carried out, was unconstitutional and set aside 40 death penalty statutes. A crime punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for a year or more is called a? [26]Althoughthe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended in 2006 that correctional facilities perform routine opt-out HIV testing, the HIV testing practices and policies in correctional setting continue to vary from state to state. What is the reason why the Eighth Amendment has done little to protect inmates from staff brutality? Here are a few major instances where an escalation to the use of force may be required: 1. This is called__________. According to the text which of the following statements [2,7,8] The prevalence of HIV among inmates in state prisons varies significantly by geographic region, with New York, Louisiana, and Florida having the highest prevalence (3.0% or greater) (Figure 10). Unfortunately, this practice limits inmates with HIV from transferring to facilities that may have unique work or school programs, and may result in persons with HIV being imprisoned far from visitors, thereby limiting or preventing visitations. Some crimes are classified as felonies in one part of the country and as misdemeanors in another part of the country. Which of the following statements is true? Quiz - Quizizz A financial penalty used as a criminal sanction is called a? Which of the following is NOT one of these interests? Pretrial officers utilize discretion in making pretrial release decisions. Penitentiaries are relatively modern social institutions and their development is distinctly American. Many states have resource manuals listing HIV care providers. The transition from a correctional facility to the community is a critical event for persons with HIV. The ___________ constantly finds problems with the way the institution is run or with existing policies and rules. In the United States, the average ratio of correctional officers to inmates across all states in 2012 was _____. Everyone is entitled to equal medical treatment without regard to status. The "Founder of Probation" is John Augustus. Early release based on the paroling authority's assessment of eligibilty is called _____________. Mandatory release is similar to ________ in that persons let out under either arrangement ordinarily receive a period of community supervision. The idea of probation and parole is to reintroduce the offender into society as a productive member. There are rarely opportunities for educational achievement in prison. This is because these offenders reside in the community rather than in jail or prison. This is called _________. Typically, at any single point in time, the number of incarcerated adults housed in prisons is approximately twice those in jails. Develop a list of medical providers in the community to which the inmates will be returning. Personalism & Modern Psychology Plato's Meno, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Service Management: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology, Electoral Process and Propaganda Techniques Q. Q. [37] A more recent CDC HIV corrections testing project conducted from 2009-2013 found 0.3-0.4% of inmates tested in a broad range of correctional facilities were newly diagnosed with HIV(Figure 13). If the defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt it is called? Most inmates with HIV will qualify for free or low-cost medical treatment at clinics federally funded through the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Treatment Modernization Act of 2006. CRJ 1113 Revel Ch. 14 Flashcards | Quizlet [41] The 2009 CDC document on HIV Testing Implementation Guidance for Correctional Settings provides specific recommendations on management of persons newly diagnosed in a correctional facility, including recommendations that address immediate clinical management issues and linkage to appropriate medical care during incarceration. [11] Incarcerated women with HIV have an even higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders than their male counterparts. Jake is an inmate in a large state prison. As noted earlier, other non-HIV-related chronic medical conditions may also complicate care. A writ issued by an appellate court to obtain from a lower court the record of its proceeding in a particular case is called a? The United States Supreme Court awarded Gerald Gault all of the following rights except? [39,40], Receiving a new diagnosis of HIV while in a jail or prison can be difficult; thus, appropriate counseling and linkage to care during incarceration are essential components to any correctional testing program, just as in the noncorrectional settings. Which of the following statements is true? - Certification Answers This impacts correctional administrators' ability to? -New offenders are socialized into the prison subculture through a process known as prisonization. Assume that the Portland Trail Blazers center makes 58%58\%58% of his free-throw shots. HIV Testing Implementation Guidance for Correctional Settings. Correctional officers have power by virtue of their positions within the organization. After release from prison or jail into the general community, persons with HIV may engage in sex activities that may increase their risk of transmitting HIV to others, particularly with their pre-incarceration sex partners. [41] Prisoners may have concerns about confidentiality and/or lack trust in the prison health care system; these may compromise adherence and deter inmates from acknowledging their HIV status and accessing HIV care.[41,45]. Treating HIV and AIDS in prison is difficult for all but one of the following reasons? This problem has been solved! A place where the same people work, eat, sleep and engage in recreation together day after day is called?