Speech to the U.S. House of Representatives. . . The Commercial Greatness of the United States, Special Message to Congress (Tyler Doctrine), Estranged Labour and The Communist Manifesto, State of the Union Address Part II (1848). Even more pointedly, his speech reflected a decade of arguments from other Massachusetts conservatives who argued against supposed threats to New England's social order.[2]. There was an end to all apprehension. He speaks as if he were in Congress before 1789. . Webster's speech aroused the latent spirit of patriotism. The people read Webster's speech and marked him as the champion henceforth against all assaults upon the Constitution. He accused them of a desire to check the growth of the West in the interests of protection. . Though the debate began as a standard policy debate, the significance of Daniel Webster's argument reached far beyond a single policy proposal. 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Webster-Hayne debate - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia And, therefore, I cannot but feel regret at the expression of such opinions as the gentleman has avowed; because I think their obvious tendency is to weaken the bond of our connection. In January 1830, a debate on the nature of sovereignty in the American federal union occurred in the United States Senate between Senators Daniel Webster of Massachusetts and Robert Hayne of South Carolina. Certainly, sir, I am, and ever have been of that opinion. .Readers will finish the book with a clear idea of the reason Webster's "Reply" became so influential in its own day. Webster's description of the U.S. government as "made for the people, made by the people, and answerable to the people," was later paraphrased by Abraham Lincoln in the Gettysburg Address in the words "government of the people, by the people, for the people." The Revelation on Celestial Marriage: Trouble Amon Hon. Southern ships and Southern sailors were not the instruments of bringing slaves to the shores of America, nor did our merchants reap the profits of that accursed traffic.. The Webster-Hayne debates began over one issue but quickly switched to another. He must cut it with his sword. It was not a Union to be torn up without bloodshed; for nerves and arteries were interwoven with its roots and tendrils, sustaining the lives and interests of twelve million inhabitants. The United States, under the Constitution and federal government, was a single, unified nation, not a coalition of sovereign states. . . Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Nullification, Webster maintained, was a political absurdity. . For all this, there was not the slightest foundation, in anything said or intimated by me. South Carolinas Declaration of the Causes of Sece Distribution of the Slave Population by State. The significance of Daniel Webster's argument went far beyond the immediate proposal at hand. The Webster-Hayne Debate: Defining Nationhood in the Early American Mr. Hayne having rejoined to Mr. Webster, especially on the constitutional question. Who Won the Webster-Hayne Debate of 1830? - Abbeville Institute These debates transformed into a national crisis when South Carolina threatened . . . Debate on the Constitutionality of the Mexican War, Letters and Journals from the Oregon Trail. I admit that there is an ultimate violent remedy, above the Constitution, and in defiance of the Constitution, which may be resorted to, when a revolution is to be justified. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Pet Banks History & Effects | What are Pet Banks? . Sir, there does not exist, on the face of the whole earth, a population so poor, so wretched, so vile, so loathsome, so utterly destitute of all the comforts, conveniences, and decencies of life, as the unfortunate blacks of Philadelphia, and New York, and Boston. Gloomy and downcast of late, Massachusetts men walked the avenue as though the fife and drum were before them. MTEL Speech: Notable Debates & Speeches in U.S. History, The Lincoln-Douglas Debates of 1858: Summary & Significance, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, The Significance of Daniel Webster's Argument, MTEL Speech: Principles of Argument & Debate, MTEL Speech: Understanding Persuasive Communication, MTEL Speech: Public Argument in Democratic Societies. Noah grew a vineyard, got drunk on wine and lay naked. Most assuredly, I need not say I differ with him, altogether and most widely, on that point. Webster pursued his objective through a rhetorical strategy that ignored Benton, the principal opponent of New England sectionalism, and that provoked Hayne into an exposition and defense of what became the South Carolina doctrine of nullification. Sir, I cordially respond to that appeal. Sir, we will not stop to inquire whether the black man, as some philosophers have contended, is of an inferior race, nor whether his color and condition are the effects of a curse inflicted for the offences of his ancestors. Francis O. J. Smith to Secretary of State Dan Special Message to the House of Representatives, Special Message to Congress on Mexican Relations. Hayne entered the U.S. Senate in 1823 and soon became prominent as a spokesman for the South and for the . But to remove all doubt it is expressly declared, by the 10th article of the amendment of the Constitution, that the powers not delegated to the states, by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.. . Webster and the northern states saw the Constitution as binding the individual states together as a single union. It is observable enough, that the doctrine for which the honorable gentleman contends, leads him to the necessity of maintaining, not only that this general government is the creature of the states, but that it is the creature of each of the states severally; so that each may assert the power, for itself, of determining whether it acts within the limits of its authority. The WebsterHayne debate was a debate in the United States between Senator Daniel Webster of Massachusetts and Senator Robert Y. Hayne of South Carolina that took place on January 1927, 1830 on the topic of protectionist tariffs. They will also better understand the debate's political context. Address to the People of the United States, by the What are the main points of difference between Webster and Hayne, especially on the question of the nature of the Union and the Constitution? Shedding weak tears over sufferings which had existence only in their own sickly imaginations, these friends of humanity set themselves systematically to work to seduce the slaves of the South from their masters. Correspondence Between Anthony Butler and Presiden State of the Union Address Part II (1846). It would be equally fatal to the sovereignty and independence of the states. Wilmot Proviso of 1846: Overview & Significance | What was the Wilmot Proviso? Neither side can be said to have 'won' the debate, but Webster's articulation of the Union solidified for many the role of the federal government. The Senate debates between Whig Senator Daniel Webster of Massachusetts and Democrat Senator Robert Y. Hayne of South Carolina in January 1830 started out as a disagreement over the sale of Western lands and turned into one of the most famous verbal contests in American history. . . . . Who doesn't? Hayne's few but zealous partizans shielded him still, and South Carolina spoke with pride of him. That's what was happening out West. Is it the creature of the state legislatures, or the creature of the people? . State governments were in control of their own affairs and expected little intervention from the federal government. . They attack nobody, and menace nobody. . Since as Vice President and President of the Senate, Calhoun could not take place in the debate, Hayne represented the pro-nullification point-of-view. We who come here, as agents and representatives of these narrow-minded and selfish men of New England, consider ourselves as bound to regard, with equal eye, the good of the whole, in whatever is within our power of legislation. . Union, of itself, is considered by the disciples of this school as hardly a good. There was no winner or loser in the Webster-Hayne debate. For Calhoun, see the Speech on Abolition Petitions and the Speech on the Oregon Bill. Beyond that I seek not to penetrate the veil. Then, in January of 1830, a senator from Connecticut introduced a proposal to the Senate stating that the federal government should stop surveying the lands west of the Mississippi River. To them, this was a scheme to give the federal government more control over the cost of land by creating a scarcity. Our notion of things is entirely different. Van Buren responded to the Panic of 1837 with the idea of the independent treasury, which was a. a system of depositing money in select independent banks ", What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?. . The people of the United States have declared that this Constitution shall be the Supreme Law. To them, the more money the central government made, the stronger it became and the more it took rights away from the states to govern themselves. . Sir, the very chief end, the main design, for which the whole Constitution was framed and adopted, was to establish a government that should not be obliged to act through state agency, or depend on state opinion and state discretion. . But that was found insufficient, and inadequate to the public exigencies. Sir, when arraigned before the bar of public opinion, on this charge of slavery, we can stand up with conscious rectitude, plead not guilty, and put ourselves upon God and our country. . Ham, one of Noahs sons, saw him uncovered, for which Noah cursed him by making Hams son, Canaan, a slave to Ham's brothers. It has been said that Hayne was Calhoun's sword and buckler and that he returned to the contest refreshed each morning by nightly communions with the Vice-President, drawing auxiliary supplies from the well-stored arsenal of his powerful and subtle mind. . Democratic Party Platform 1860 (Breckinridge Facti (Southern) Democratic Party Platform Committee. No doubt can exist, that, before the states entered into the compact, they possessed the right to the fullest extent, of determining the limits of their own powersit is incident to all sovereignty. He was dressed with scrupulous care, in a blue coat with metal buttons, a buff vest rounding over his full abdomen, and his neck encircled with a white cravat. The Webster-Hayne debate concluded with Webster's ringing endorsement of "Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable." In contrast, Hayne espoused the radical states' rights doctrine of nullification, believing that a state could prevent a federal law from being enforced within its borders. Every scheme or contrivance by which rulers are able to procure the command of money by means unknown to, unseen or unfelt by, the people, destroys this security. . The Webster-Hayne debate, which again was just one section of this greater discussion in the Senate, is traditionally considered to have begun when South Carolina senator Robert Y. Hayne stood to argue against Connecticut's proposal, accusing the northeastern states of trying to stall development of the West so that southern agricultural interests couldn't expand. But the topic which became the leading feature of the whole debate and gave it an undying interest was that of nullification, in which Hayne and Webster came forth as chief antagonists. But until they shall alter it, it must stand as their will, and is equally binding on the general government and on the states. . Webster argued that the American people had created the Union to promote the good of the whole. It develops the gentlemans whole political system; and its answer expounds mine. One of the most storied match-ups in Senate history, the 1830 Webster-Hayne debate began with a beef between Northeast states and Western states over a plan to restrict . You see, to the south, the Constitution was essentially a treaty signed between sovereign states.
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