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What is the tallest tsunami ever recorded? The sea was quite calm, the sky was so clear and blue. In some areas drinking water supplies and farm fields may have been contaminated for years by saltwater from the ocean. [157] On further investigation, the India government learned that the consulting company Terra Research was run from the home of a self-described earthquake forecaster who had no telephone listing and maintained a website where he sold copies of his detection system. Then I rolled back to sleep. For example, the folklore of the Onges talks of "huge shaking of ground followed by high wall of water". The deadliest tsunami in history occurred in the Indian Ocean in 2004. [165], Nations all over the world provided over US$14 billion in aid for damaged regions,[166] with the governments of Australia pledging US$819.9 million (including a US$760.6 million aid package for Indonesia), Germany offering US$660 million, Japan offering US$500 million, Canada offering US$343 million, Norway and the Netherlands offering both US$183 million, the United States offering US$35 million initially (increased to US$350 million), and the World Bank offering US$250 million. Powerful tsunamis slammed into the coasts of India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, the Maldives, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Seychelles and Somalia, devastating thousands of miles of coastline - and the communities that depended on them. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands appear to have shifted south-west by around 1.25m (4ft 1in) and to have sunk by 1m (3ft 3in). [58] John Chroston, a biology teacher from Scotland, also recognised the signs at Kamala Bay north of Phuket, taking a busload of vacationers and locals to safety on higher ground. The sudden vertical rise of the seabed by several metres during the earthquake displaced massive volumes of water, resulting in a tsunami that struck the coasts of the Indian Ocean. Oxfam went on to report that as many as four times more women than men were killed in some regions because they were waiting on the beach for the fishers to return and looking after their children in the houses. There were no tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean to detect tsunamis or to warn the general population living around the ocean. A series of huge waves triggered by an earthquake killed more than 230,000 people in 14 countries. The most damaging tsunami on record before 2004 was the one that killed an estimated 40,000 people in 1782 following an earthquake in the South China Sea. Did Karl ever find his family in the impossible? [137], While the tsunami destroyed many of the boats vital to Sri Lanka's fishing industry, it also created a demand for fibreglass-reinforced plastic catamarans in the boatyards of Tamil Nadu. Its over 1,700-foot wave was the largest ever recorded for a tsunami. Bangladesh, which lies at the northern end of the Bay of Bengal, had few casualties despite being a low-lying country relatively near the epicentre. alla catastrofe dello tsunami - Traduzione in inglese - esempi italiano [65], Lhoknga is a small coastal community about 13km (8.1mi) south-west of Banda Aceh, located on a flat coastal plain in between two rainforest-covered hills, overlooking a large bay and famous for its large swathe of white sandy beach and surfing activities. The Boxing Day tsunami would be the deadliest in recorded history, taking a staggering 230,000 lives in a matter of hours. All I knew was I had to help people. How I Survived the Tsunami, 10 Meters Underwater. [99], According to the U.S. Geological Survey, a total of 227,898 people died. [47][48], According to Tad Murty, vice-president of the Tsunami Society, the total energy of the tsunami waves was equivalent to about 5 megatons of TNT (21PJ), which is more than twice the total explosive energy used during all of World War II (including the two atomic bombs) but still a couple of orders of magnitude less than the energy released in the earthquake itself. According to interviews, the second wave was the largest. The tsunami and its aftermath were responsible for immense destruction and loss on the rim of the Indian Ocean. In addition, the tsunami inflicted damage to the popular resort town of Ao Nang in Krabi Province. Eyewitnesses compared the tsunami with the "rainy-season high tide"; although at most locations, the tsunami height was similar or smaller than the "rainy-season high tide" level. What was the death toll in the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Despite its proximity to the incident, Malaysia escaped the kind of damage that struck countries thousands of miles further away (most of its western coast is shielded by Sumatra). Another amateur video, captured by a German family at beach level, showed the tsunami appearing as a white horizontal line in the distant horizon, gradually becoming bigger (bore-like), engulfing a jet skier and lifting two police boats. Local footage recorded showed the tsunami flooding the streets up to knee level in town, while another video taken at the beach showed the tsunami slowly flooding and gradually surging inland. The tsunami waves wreaked havoc in the densely populated Jogindar Nagar area, situated 13km (8.1mi) south of Campbell Bay. This quickly elevated the height and increased the speed of waves, destroying the nearby Indonesian town of Lhoknga. Giritharan, S. Bardhan, S.R. Then I got hungry, so I drove toward the beach in order to find something to eat. [145], The 2004 earthquake and tsunami combined is the world's deadliest natural disaster since the 1976 Tangshan earthquake. Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on India - Wikipedia [78] A maximum inundation of approximately 2km (1.2mi) was measured, the inundated depths were 47m (1323ft) and there was evidence that the tsunami reached the third floor of a resort hotel. Funding came from other international agencies and from countries including Finland, Norway, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The rising sea water did not enter the shrine, but the receding waters swept away hundreds of pilgrims who were on the beach. I did this many times but my husband had never seen the underwater world. [40] Because of tidal effects of the Moon, the length of a day increases at an average of 15 microseconds per year, so any rotational change due to the earthquake will be lost quickly. PDF Tsunami Impact - Sri Lanka - NBRO Anthropologists had initially expected the aboriginal population of the Andaman Islands to be badly affected by the tsunami and even feared the already depopulated Onge tribe could have been wiped out. On 9 February 2005, President Bush asked Congress to increase the U.S. commitment to a total of US$950 million. [12] It caused the planet to vibrate as much as 10mm (0.4in),[13] and also remotely triggered earthquakes as far away as Alaska. What was the magnitude of the earthquake that caused the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? Sri Lanka reported that it had received no foreign government aid, while foreign individuals had been generous. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. An estimated 1,600km (1,000mi) of fault surface slipped (or ruptured) about 15m (50ft) along the subduction zone where the Indian Plate slides under (or subducts) the overriding Burma Plate. [28] The earthquake produced its own aftershocks (some registering a magnitude of as high as 6.1) and presently ranks as the third-largest earthquake ever recorded on the moment magnitude or Richter magnitude scale. In the seaside section of Ulee Lheue, the flow depths were over 9m (30ft). [75] Estimates based on the state of the shoreline and a high-water mark on a nearby building place the tsunami 7.59m (2530ft) above sea level and 23m (6ft 7in 9ft 10in) higher than the top of the train. The Indian Plate is part of the great Indo-Australian Plate, which underlies the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal, and is moving north-east at an average of 60mm/a (0.075in/Ms). The Indian Ocean Tsunami warning system was formed in early 2005 to provide an early warning of tsunamis for inhabitants around the Indian Ocean coasts. What is the deadliest tsunami ever recorded? Officials estimated that billions of dollars would be needed. A major aftershock (magnitude 7.1) can be seen at the closest stations starting just after the 200-minute mark. So I closed my eyes, prayed, and prepared to die. Waves of up to 30 metres were recorded as the tsunami swept through Aceh, the hardest hit region of Indonesia. The only other recorded earthquakes of magnitude 9.0 or greater were off Kamchatka, Russia, on 4 November 1952 (magnitude 9.0) and Thoku, Japan (magnitude 9.1) in March 2011. A week after the earthquake, its reverberations could still be measured, providing valuable scientific data about the Earth's interior. Large tsunamis have occurred in the United States and will undoubtedly occur again. Administration Animation of how the tsunami moved around the Indian Ocean. Why were so many buildings destroyed in the 2011 Japanese earthquake? 10 People Who Survived Multiple Disasters and Deadly Situations One such landslide consisted of a single block of rock some 100m (330ft) high and 2km (1.2mi) long. In recent years the fishery industry has emerged as a dynamic export-oriented sector, generating substantial foreign exchange earnings. Most of them had broken bones or cuts on their bodies. On 26 December 2004, at 07:58:53 local time (UTC+7), a major earthquake with a magnitude of 9.19.3 Mw struck with an epicentre off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia. Yossi Hasson arriving on the beaches of Thailand, a few days before the disaster. The low-lying island country of Maldives reported more than a hundred casualties and immense economic damage. 14", "Asia-Pacific | 'Hundreds feared dead' in Burma", "The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Disaster: Evaluation of UNICEF's response (emergency and recovery phase). But, in these instances, waves reached incredible heights of more than 150 feet. I'd been a rescue worker all my life but I'd never experienced anything that huge before. [70], The greatest run-up height of the tsunami was measured at a hill between Lhoknga and Leupung, on the western coast of the northern tip of Sumatra, near Banda Aceh, and reached 51m (167ft). It killed more than 230,000 people, including Wong. The Phi Phi Islands are a group of small islands that were affected by the tsunami. The highest-recorded tsunami run-up was measured 19.6m (64ft) at Ban Thung Dap, on the south-west tip of Ko Phra Thong Island and the second-highest at 15.8m (52ft) at Ban Nam Kim. [63], The level of destruction was extreme on the northwestern areas of the city, immediately inland of the aquaculture ponds, and directly facing the Indian Ocean. The tsunami caused one of the largest natural disasters in recorded history, killing at least 225,000 people across a dozen countries, with Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, and Thailand sustaining massive damage. Suddenly I heard a lot of cars go by on the main street. The first warning sign of a possible tsunami is the earthquake itself. How did the people of andaman survive the 2004 tsunami? [162], The changes in the distribution of masses inside the Earth due to the earthquake had several consequences. Credit: Courtesy. The Persson Cabinet was heavily criticized for its inaction. Many soldiers have fought in and survived warseven being POWs on different occasionsbut some had to endure it more than once. Being rich in coral reefs, the Maldives provides an opportunity for scientists to assess the impact of a tsunami on coral atolls.